Unshagi kuchu karamna oihanlakpano

Eikhoigi unshagi kuchu ashi,unshada yaoba,yamna kuppa Melanocytes haina khangnaba cell singna sungba Chromophore molecules kharana oihanlakpani.Melanocytes hairiba cell sing ashi masha mareng longba,cheirong haiphet manba(makhok ti yaodaba),epidermis haina khangnaba,unshagi khwaidagi mapal thangba kuyomda yaoba cell makhal amani.Emagi puknung da semlakpa matamda,melanocytes hairiba cell makhal ashi,Neural crest tagi khaidorakpa /semgatlakpa ni.Epidermis ki makha ethang thangba basal layer gi sarukta namna,melanocytes yaoee ,amasung, samgi makhong,samgi mashang,mit,adrenal glands amadi brain gi kuyom meninges ta marang kaina yaoee.

Hairiba melanocytes cell sing da yaoba melanosomes organelles ki matengna, melanin hairiba pigment (machu gi molecules) sungee, adudagi pigments sing ashi epidermis ta yaoriba keratinocytes ta thadoraktuna naptuna leirakhee.Melanin hairiba,khawaidagi aroiba da sunglakliba pigment molecule ashina ,unshagi kuchu oihanlakpani.

Chaorakna unsha gi mm square ama da 550- 1200 melanocytes kumba yaoe.Hakchangi mapham mapham gi matung ina,melanocytes yaobagi chang su khetnei.Unshagi nungshana phuba mapham singdana,nungshana phudaba maphamdagi saruk ani gumba hena melanocytes yaoee.Meyoibana ahal ashum oisanlakpaga loinana,unshada yaoriba melanocytes singi masing ashisu ,chaorakna chahi 10 khudingi 6-8% mayeng tarakee.Maram ashinani,ahal oiraklaba mioisingda,sam ngouthorakpa,unsha ngouthorakpa- na chingba oihanlaklibasi, amasung melanin gi atopa kanaba sing su chaona mayeng tarkee.

Melanin makhal ani lei:

A) Eumelanin-Mashigi machuna,dark brown(murienaba khakhi) amasung amubani .Masigi melanin makhal asi kuchu murap toubadagi  kuch muba phaoba da lei.

B) Pheomelanin-Mashigi machuna,parap angangba-parap, napu-oirap touee.Kuchu ngouba,nongchup lomgi mishingda masigi melanin ashi yaoe.

Aduna jati jati, gi matung ina melanin  yaoba makhal khenabana,kuchu ngouba amasung mubasu khetnabani.

Meeyoiba mee amgi kuchu oihanlakpasi,maram anina oihanlakee .Madudi,masagi oina ishorna pibirakpa melanin makhal(constitutive) gi mathakta nungshagi meishana yeiraba tungda,kuchu ashi hena mushan hanlee(facultative).Mashigi mathakta,hormones(endocrine) na kuchugi phibhamda chaona ahongba piba ngamee.Khudam oina hairabada,mirolliba nupisingda MSH(melanocytes stimulating hormone) henna sungee/yaoee,aduna mirollingeida nupising na kuchu makshanli.

Melanocytes na sunglakpa,melanin gi khwaidagi maru oiba mathoudi,meyoiba gi unshabu,nungshagi meishadagi oihanlakpa yaba amangba singdagi ngathokpani.Nungshada yaoriba ultra violet ray(UVR) na unshada amangba kaya piduna,unshagi cancer sing phaoba oihanlakpa yai.Adubu apotpa yaman tangai phadana meyoibana darkar oiba Vitamin D su,unshada,UVR  gi matengna sunglibani.

Scientist singna khudong chanabagi damak,meyoibagi kuchu kumel ashi,mashagi yaojariba melanin gi makhalgi matung inna, makhal taruk thokna khaidoktuna khangnei.Type I na khwaidagi ngouba ,aduga Type VI na khwaidagi muba singni .Type I di nungshagi meishana laina chakthekpa ngamee,aduga Type VI ti nungshagi meishana laina chakthekpa ngamde.

Aroibada,mahousagi ishorna pibirakpa kuchu da ahongba kaya ama laktuna,unsagi masagi kuchudagi,hena ngouthokpa natraga hena mushanlakpa leina kaya ama thengnei.

 

Dr. Karam Lokendro, MD